🇩🇪 Germany Overview
Prohibition Partners estimates that Germany’s medical cannabis market size for 2025 will reach over €670 million, and is expected to increase to over €XXX by 2029 (click here for more information about premium data packages, including market sizing forecasts).
The market sizing for Germany’s medical cannabis sector is derived from the estimated volumes of cannabis sold to patients, multiplied by the assumed retail price per gram, with patient volumes estimated from official import data and the small domestic cultivation contribution. The local production contribution is marginal, approximately 2.3 tonnes out of an estimated total of 212 tonnes in 2025, and has a negligible effect on total volumes.
We estimate that between 50% and 70% of total imported and cultivated volumes are ultimately dispensed to patients. This range reflects the latest data available (up to end-2023), which indicated that roughly 60% of supply reached patients. The 50% level represents a conservative lower bound, while 70% reflects a potential upper bound as distribution networks and patient access continue to mature.
Price assumptions are derived from observed market data, with a modal range of €7–8 per gram of flower for October 2025. A broader range of €6–9 per gram is applied to account for expected variability across retail prices.
Based on these parameters, the 2025 market size for medical cannabis in Germany is projected to range from approximately €636 million to €1.34 billion, depending on the realized combination of volumes dispensed and price levels.
Germany’s medical cannabis market has witnessed remarkable growth fuelled by the MedCanG law which was implemented in April 2024. The law removed cannabis from Germany’s list of narcotics (BtMG) and eliminated many of the bureaucratic hurdles the commercial medical cannabis industry had faced in previous years. Before the MedCanG, Germany was already the largest medical cannabis market in Europe, however the new law has launched the country’s industry to new heights, easing patient access and fuelling dramatic demand for products.
Germany’s medical cannabis market is the most open in Europe, featuring a large supply chain of importers, distributors, manufacturers, pharmacies (retail & online) and clinics (physical & telemedicine), all competing for market share. Although the country remains an import-reliant market, domestic producers are ramping up production, intending to dominate domestically and compete on a global scale.
Despite significant growth, Germany’s CDU/CSU-led government plans new restrictions on medical cannabis telemedicine and mail-order pharmacies, citing concerns for minors and digital commerce control. Proposed amendments mandate in-person initial consultations, limit remote repeat prescriptions to those with prior in-person visits, ban mail-order pharmacies (though local courier deliveries remain), and restrict medical-scientific use to formal clinical trials. The Federal Cabinet approved these changes on October 8, 2025, submitting the draft bill to the EU for notification. On 18 December 2025, the Bundestag held its first reading of the proposed amendments and will now undergo a detailed examination and revision by the parliamentary health committee on 14 January 2026. Further readings and votes in the Bundestag are expected in spring 2026. Depending on the level of restrictions, the market’s growth and size could be significantly impacted.
🇩🇪 Regulations
As of 1 April 2024, the CanG Act took effect, which included the MedCanG Act and brought major changes to Germany’s medical cannabis framework. Key updates in Articles 2, 3, and 4 have removed bottlenecks in production, distribution, patient access and research, collectively driving market growth.
Medical cannabis is now a prescription drug, no longer classified as a narcotic, reducing paperwork for doctors and easing patient access. E-prescriptions have fuelled private-pay growth via telemedicine services.
With easier access, some officials (such as the Federal Minister for Health, Nina Warken) warn that the medical system now enables recreational use through legal loopholes. With the victory of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CDU/CSU) in the 2025 election, stricter regulations could follow after a review of the law in Q4 2025. There is a possibility that restrictions on online consultations and mail-order prescriptions may be implemented, similar to Poland.
The MedCanG Act removed strict tender requirements for domestic cultivators, allowing them to scale up, expand product lines, and distribute directly. New cultivators can now enter the market with Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) authorisation under pharmaceutical standards.
🇩🇪 Patient Access
Following the adoption of the MedCanG, access to medical cannabis has been made significantly easier, as medical cannabis is no longer categorised as a narcotic, but as a normal prescription medicine.
Who Can Prescribe?
All licenced physicians in Germany are eligible to prescribe medical cannabis, however the eligibility of the patient to receive medical cannabis treatment depends on if they are being prescribed under public or private healthcare.
Publicly insured patients:
Seriously ill patients can receive a medical cannabis prescription from a physician if they have recieved approval by their public insurer and if all of the following criteria apply:
- A general standard therapy does not exist for their disease.
- The standard therapy does not apply according to the justified assessment of the treating physician, considering side effects and disease status of patient.
- There is a reasonable possibility that medical cannabis will have a positive effect on the disease process or on serious symptoms.
If the above requirements are fulfilled, health insurers must reimburse the costs for cannabis therapies apart from in exceptional circumstances.
Private patients:
Private patients can receive a medical cannabis prescription if the therapy is medically justifiable for a specific health condition, and other conventional medicines are not sufficiently effective.
Telemedicine
Being classified as an ordinary prescription medicine has allowed patients to receive medical cannabis consultations and prescriptions through telemedicine platforms. This has dramatically fuelled the increased use of cannabis-specific telemedicine platforms, with Prohibition Partners identifying over 30 telemedicine clinics now operating in the German medical cannabis market. When assessing the monthly visitor count of the leading telemedicine providers of medical cannabis in Germany, the numbers provide a clear picture of how frequently they are used. The leading five providers have a monthly visitor count of over 200,000. Although the visitor count does not provide a 100% accurate representation and translation of prescription and patient numbers, it does highlight the extremely high use of these platforms, which is fuelling the dramatic demand for medical cannabis in the market.
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🇩🇪 Products & Prices
The average price per gram for medical cannabis flowers in Germany is decreasing. As of December 2025, the average price per gram of flower is €7.10, down from an average price of €7.20 in November 2025. The price decline is attributed to several factors, including increased competition from rising imports, reduced handling costs for medical cannabis in Germany following the implementation of the MedCanG, and the entry of low-cost products from countries such as Portugal, Colombia and Uruguay.
Although there has been a significant decrease in the price per gram, a market for premium-priced products remains, with prices exceeding €9 per gram; however, this segment is shrinking as patients focus on more economical options. The differentiation of premium product prices is determined by factors such as exotic strains from small-batch cultivators, cultivation methods, high terpene counts, and high tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) ratios; the majority of these premium products originate from Canada.
Over 50% of medical cannabis products available on the market are imported from Canada, followed by Portugal, South Africa, North Macedonia, Denmark, Spain and Israel. Remexian, one of the most established German medical cannabis distributors, currently sells the largest portfolio of medical cannabis products. Following the MedCanG, more German flowers have entered the market, with Demecan holding the most extensive portfolio of domestically produced flowers.
The vast majority of medical cannabis products available in Germany are flowers, with oils representing a small but growing proportion of the market. In general, German patients hold a strong preference for flowers, however, there has been a significant uptick in extract-based products over recent years. In Germany, medical cannabis is sold as a magistral product; therefore, the final steps of its production process occur within pharmacies, namely quality checking and packaging. However, some pharmacies prepare custom formulations and capsules out of extracts. The first vape cartridge product on the market was introduced in 2023 by Ilios Santé, this was followed by vape product launches by Curaleaf and Novacana. The vape products are assembled and prepared in pharmacies. It can be expected that more vape product lines will be introduced in the near future.
🇩🇪 Imports & Exports
The volume of medical cannabis imported into Germany steadily increased by approximately 4,000-8,000 kilograms every year during the period 2017-2023. These imports supplied the growing demand for medical cannabis within the country and across the region, with Germany functioning as a re-exportation hub, supplying the medical cannabis markets of Poland, the Czech Republic and the UK. In 2024 imports skyrocketed to 72,000 kilograms, double the volume imported in 2023, reflecting the huge jump in demand caused by the implementation of the new regulations in Germany. This exponential growth in import volumes has continued into 2025, with Germany importing almost double the amount of cannabis in the first three quarters of 2025 (142.3 tonnes) compared to the full year of 2024 (72.1 tonnes).
The main suppliers of the German medical cannabis market are Canadian producers, with imports from Canada representing over half of the total imported volume in 2024. After Canada, the largest exporters to the German market are Portugal and Denmark, representing approximately 24% and 10% of total German imports in 2024 respectively. There are 15 other countries that exported medical cannabis to Germany in 2024, with six of those exporting over 1,000 kilograms – the Netherlands, Spain, North Macedonia, Uruguay, the Czech Republic and South Africa. In 2024, Germany also witnessed the first medical cannabis imports from Argentina and the Czech Republic.
In Q3 2025, total medical cannabis imports into Germany reached 56.9 tonnes, approximately 20% higher than in Q2 2025. Countries including Canada, Portugal, the United Kingdom, Malta, the Czech Republic, North Macedonia, Australia, South Africa, and Argentina saw significant export increases into Germany in 2025. In the same period, multiple countries saw medical exports into Germany decline compared to the previous year, including Uruguay abd the Netherlands.
Germany has emerged as a key hub for the processing and re-exportation of medical cannabis. In 2024, the country’s medical cannabis exports reached a total of 7.4 tonnes. The majority of these exports went to Poland, which received 4.8 tonnes, while the United Kingdom imported approximately 2 tonnes. Notably, all of the cannabis exported from Germany is sourced from imports, primarily from Canada. As of now, Germany has not exported any cannabis products cultivated domestically.
At the end of October 2025, Germany’s Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) reported that it has raised its national import ceiling to keep pace with record levels of patient demand and a surge in authorised imports. BfArM has confirmed that the country’s import quota has now been increased by approximately 70 tonnes, rising from 122 tonnes to 192.5 tonnes.
🇩🇪 Domestic Production
Before the MedCanG was enacted, medical cannabis cultivation in Germany was limited to a government tender process. Tender-winning producers could supply cannabis exclusively to the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) Cannabis Agency, which then distributed it to pharmacies. The tenders covered the cultivation of 2,600kg of medical cannabis annually over a four-year period, and held strict requirements on approved strains as well as limits on production volumes.
The main proportion of the tender lots (200kg each) was awarded to Tilray/Aphria and Aurora who won five lots (1,000kg) whereas Demecan was awarded three lots (600kg). The tender process was removed following the MedCanG on the 1st of April 2024 allowing companies to apply and receive medical cannabis cultivation permits through the country’s Cannabis Agency.
Following the opening of the cultivation market, the three established cultivators (Aurora, Tilray/Aphria, and Demecan) received cultivation permits under the new framework allowing them to increase their production capacity as well as expand the strains they can cultivate.
One company aiming to compete with the established domestic cultivators is German Cannabis Standard (GCS). GCS is aiming to establish a 21,000 square meter hightec cultivation/production facility 750 meters underground in a salt mine.
